CHAMPIGNONS

Date

25 octobre 2024

Nom(s) propre(s), Nom(s) commun(s), Information(s) d'origine

Références : CABI 2023; USDA 2023; PPRC 2020; Schoch 2020; De Sà-Nakanishi et al. 2014; Gardner et McGuffin 2013; Zhao 2013; Dai et al. 2012; Youn et al. 2009; Nakajima et al. 2007; Bensky et al. 2004; Chang et Miles 2004; Hobbs 2003; Chu et al. 2002; Wasser 2002; Bisby et al. 2000; TGA 1999; Lonvah et Deosthale 1998; Saar 1991; Ying 1987.

Voie d'administration

Orale

Forme(s) posologique(s)

Cette monographie exclut les aliments et les formes posologiques semblables aux aliments tel qu'indiqué dans le document de référence Compendium des monographies.

Les formes posologiques acceptables pour la voie d'administration orale sont indiquées dans la liste déroulante dans le formulaire web de demande de licence de mise en marché pour les demandes officinales.

Usage(s) ou fin(s)

Tous les champignons

• Source d'antioxydants/Fournit des antioxydants.
• Source d'antioxydants/Fournit des antioxydants qui aident à combattre/à protéger (les cellules) contre/à réduire (les effets oxydatifs des/les dommages oxydatifs causés par/les dommages cellulaires causés par) les radicaux libres

Références: Ern et al. 2024; Qiu et al. 2024; Razak et al. 2024; Rijia et al. 2024; Al-Azad et Ping 2022; Dai et al. 2022; Ji et al. 2022; Kolniak-Ostek et al. 2022; Tachabenjarong et al. 2022; Nie et al. 2020; Hou et al. 2021; Ma et al. 2021; Mapoung et al. 2021; Gebreyohannes et al. 2019; He et al. 2019; Panthong et al. 2016; Xu et al. 2016; Friedman 2015; De Sà-Nakanishi et al. 2014; Dong et al. 2014; Li et al. 2014; Zheng et al. 2014; Han et al. 2013; Qi et al. 2013; Kozarski et al. 2012; Da Silva et Jorge 2011; Wachtel-Galor et al. 2011; Wang et al. 2011; Yeh et al. 2011; Bisen et al. 2010; Godfrey et al. 2010; Xu et al. 2010; Tsai et al. 2007; Wicks et al. 2007; Cui et al. 2005.

Tous les champignons (sauf les extraits éthanoliques*)

Source de polysaccharides fongiques ayant des propriétés immunomodulatrices (Xu et al. 2014; Mizuno et Nishitani 2013; Dai et al. 2012; Jung et al. 2012; Won et al. 2011; Wang et al. 2009; Chang et Miles 2004; Bensky et al. 2004; Hobbs 2003; Li et al. 2002; Wasser 2002; Bin et Yang 1991).

*Note : Extraits préparés avec n'importe quelle quantité d'éthanol.

Produits contenant Cordyceps militaris

Utilisé en médecine traditionnelle chinoise (MTC) pour aider à tonifier et revigorer les poumons et les reins, et résoudre le phlegme (Zhonghua Ben Cao 1999).

Produits contenant Ganoderma lucidum

Corps fructifère

• Utilisé en médecine traditionnelle chinoise (MTC) pour disperser les mucosités, enrayer la toux et la respiration sifflante (PPRC 2020; Bensky et al. 2004; Chen et Chen 2004).
• Utilisé en médecine traditionnelle chinoise (MTC) pour nourrir le cœur et renforcer le qi et le sang afin de soigner les déficiences du cœur et de la rate se manifestant par de l'insomnie, des pertes de mémoire, de la fatigue, un manque d'attention et un appétit faible (PPRC 2020; Bensky et al. 2004; Chen et Chen 2004).
• Utilisé en médecine traditionnelle chinoise (MTC) pour renforcer le corps et tonifier le qi (PPRC 2020; Bensky et al. 2004; Chen et Chen 2004).

Corps fructifère; Mycélium cultivé; Mycélium

• Utilisé en phytothérapie comme tonique pour le foie (Godfrey et al. 2010, Yarnell et al. 2003; Saunders 2000; Peirce 1999; Belanger 1997; Hsu et al. 1986).
• Utilisé en phytothérapie pour soutenir le système immunitaire (Wachtel-Galor et al. 2011; Godfrey et al. 2010; Ko et Leung 2007; Lin 2005; Chen et Chen 2004; Wachtel-Galor et al. 2004; Hoffmann 2003; Yarnell et al. 2003; Peirce 1999; Belanger 1997; Hsu et al. 1986).
• Utilisé en phytothérapie comme adaptogène pour aider à accroître l'énergie et la résistance au stress (en cas de fatigue mentale ou physique due au stress) (Godfrey et al. 2010; Hobbs 2003; Hoffmann 2003; Leung et Foster 2003).

Produits contenant Grifola frondosa

Utilisé en phytothérapie pour soutenir le système immunitaire (Godfrey et al. 2010; derMarderosian et Beutler 2008; Hobbs 2003; Hoffmann 2003).

Produits contenant Lentinula edodes

Utilisé en phytothérapie pour soutenir le système immunitaire (Hobbs 2003; Wasser 2002).

Produits contenant Ophiocordyceps sinensis

Utilisé en médecine traditionnelle chinoise (MTC) pour aider à tonifier et revigorer les poumons et les reins, et résoudre le phlegme (PPRC 2020; Liu et al. 2005; Bensky et al. 2004).

Produits contenant Paecilomyces hepiali

Utilisé en médecine traditionnelle chinoise (MTC) pour aider à tonifier et revigorer les poumons et les reins, tonifier l'essence, et revigorer le qi (PPRC 2020).

Produits contenant Trametes versicolor

Utilisé en médecine traditionnelle chinoise (MTC) pour fortifier la rate pour évacuer l'humidité et éliminer la chaleur toxique (PPRC 2020).

Produits contenant Tremella fuciformis

Utilisé en médecine traditionnelle chinoise (MTC) pour nourrir le yin de l'estomac, humidifier les poumons et produire les fluides et pour l'insuffisance du yin avec ascendance yang (Bensky et al. 2004).

Produits contenant Wolfiporia extensa

• Utilisé en phytothérapie pour soutenir le système immunitaire (Rios 2011; Hobbs 2003; Hoffmann 2003).
• Utilisé en médecine traditionnelle chinoise (MTC) pour les mictions faibles, les étourdissements causés par la rétention de mucosités et de liquides, pour les insuffisances de la rate, l'ingestion de nourriture réduite, les selles molles, la diarrhée, les troubles de l'esprit du cœur et l'insomnie (PPRC 2020).
• Utilisé en médecine traditionnelle chinoise (MTC) pour favoriser la miction et extraire l'humidité (pour les difficultés urinaires, et les cas d'urine rare causés par la chaleur humide) (Bensky et al. 2004).
• Utilisé en médecine traditionnelle chinoise (MTC) pour favoriser la miction afin d'évacuer l'humidité, de fortifier la rate et de calmer le cœur (PPRC 2020).
• Utilisé en médecine traditionnelle chinoise (MTC) pour renforcer la rate et harmoniser le réchauffeur moyen : pour les insuffisances de la rate aggravées par l'humidité avec des symptômes tels que la perte d'appétit, la diarrhée ainsi que la distension épigastrique (Bensky et al. 2004).
• Utilisé en médecine traditionnelle chinoise (MTC) pour renforcer la rate et transformer les mucosités : pour les insuffisances de la rate avec une fine membrane muqueuse dans laquelle les mucosités se déplacent vers le haut avec des symptômes tels que les maux de tête, les étourdissements ainsi qu'un revêtement de la langue épais et gras (Bensky et al. 2004).

Notes

• Les usages ci-dessus peuvent être combinés sur l'étiquette du produit s'ils proviennent du même système de médecine traditionnelle ou non-traditionnelle (par ex., Utilisé en médecine traditionnelle chinoise (MTC) pour renforcer la rate et harmoniser le réchauffeur moyen : pour les insuffisances de la rate aggravées par l'humidité avec des symptômes tels que la perte d'appétit, la diarrhée ainsi que la distension épigastrique et pour aider à tonifier et revigorer les poumons et les reins, tonifier l'essence, et revigorer le qi).
• Pour les produits à ingrédients multiples :
  • Afin d'empêcher que le produit soit représenté comme une « médecine traditionnelle », toute allégation traditionnelle doit faire référence à/aux ingrédient(s) médicinal(aux) et au système de médecine traditionnelle reconnu d'où l'allégation provient lorsque 1) des allégations à la fois traditionnelles et modernes sont présentes ou 2) lorsque les allégations proviennent de multiples systèmes de médecine traditionnelle (par ex., Le reishi est utilisé en médecine traditionnelle chinoise (MTC) pour renforcer le corps et tonifier le qi).
  • Lorsque TOUS les ingrédients médicinaux (IM) du produit sont utilisés au sein du MÊME système de médecine traditionnelle identifié ET que le produit n'a QUE des allégations traditionnelles, l'inclusion de l'/des ingrédient(s) médicinal(aux) dans l'/les allégation(s) traditionnelle(s) n'est pas requise

Dose(s)

Sous-population(s)

Adultes 18 ans et plus

Quantité(s)

Consulter le tableau 2 ci-dessous

Références : PPRC 2020; Wachtel-Galor et al. 2011; Godfrey et al. 2010; Mori et al. 2009; derMarderosian et Beutler 2008; Liu et al. 2008; Liu et al. 2005; Bensky et al. 2004; Chen et Chen 2004; Hobbs 2003; Upton 2000; Huang 1999; Levy et al. 1998; Ying 1987.

¹Lorsque la méthode de préparation 'décoction' ou 'infusion' est listée parmi les méthodes de préparation acceptables, les méthodes de préparation 'concentré de décoction' et 'concentré d'infusion' sont aussi applicables. Ceci est aussi applicable pour les extraits normalisés.

Notes

• Pour les extraits normalisés, étant donné que les preuves sont principalement basées sur la quantité brute équivalente, à la fois la quantité brute équivalente et la concentration maximale de la composante d'activité doivent être respectées.
• *La méthode de préparation 'poudre' est définie comme une préparation séchée et réduite en poudre (= non-extraite). Aucun fragment fongique reste identifiable par inspection visuelle.
• La quantité maximale de polysaccharides totaux ne doit pas dépasser 180 g par jour et 45 g par dose unique.

Mode(s) d'emploi

Produits contenant Ganoderma lucidum

Prendre avec de la nourriture (Flynn et Roest 1995).

Durée(s) d'utilisation

Produits contenant Wolfiporia extensa

Consulter un praticien de soins de santé/fournisseur de soins de santé/professionnel de la santé/docteur/médecin pour une utilisation prolongée.

Mention(s) de risque

Précaution(s) et mise(s) en garde

Produits ayant des allégations de MTC

• Consultez un praticien de soins de santé/fournisseur de soins de santé/professionnel de la santé/docteur/médecin si les symptômes persistent ou s'aggravent.
• Consultez un praticien de soins de santé/fournisseur de soins de santé/professionnel de la santé/docteur/médecin avant l'utilisation si vous avez des problèmes de santé sérieux ou majeurs, tout type d'infection aiguë, de déficience ou d'excès.

Veuillez consulter le tableau 3 pour déterminer les énoncés de risque requis pour chaque ingrédient médicinal.

1. Consultez un praticien de soins de santé/fournisseur de soins de santé/professionnel de la santé/docteur/médecin avant l'utilisation si vous êtes enceinte ou si vous allaitez.
2. Produits fournissant 150 mg ou plus de Grifola frondosa séché ou non extrait en poudre par jour et/ou 300 mg ou plus de Grifola frondosa séché par jour, préparé sous forme d'extrait aqueux, et/ou 300 mg ou plus d'Agaricus blazei séché par jour, préparé sous forme d'extrait aqueux
   Consultez un praticien de soins de santé/fournisseur de soins de santé/professionnel de la santé/docteur/médecin avant l'utilisation si vous avez le diabète (Brinker 2010; Firenzuoli et al. 2008; Hsu et al. 2007; Konno 2003, 2001).
3. Consultez un praticien de soins de santé/fournisseur de soins de santé/professionnel de la santé/docteur/médecin avant l'utilisation si vous prenez des anticoagulants (Bisen et al. 2010; Wasser 2005).

Contre-indications(s)

4. Ne pas utiliser si vous êtes enceinte ou si vous allaitez.

Réaction(s) indésirable(s) connue(s)

5. Cessez d'utiliser si une hypersensibilité/allergie se manifeste (derMarderosian et Beutler 2008; Bensky et al. 2004; Gao et al. 2003, 2002; Levy et al. 1998).
6. Lorsque vous utilisez ce produit, vous pourriez ressentir un effet diurétique (PPRC 2020).

Ingrédients non médicinaux

Doivent être choisis parmi ceux de la version actuelle de la Base de données d'ingrédients de produits de santé naturels (BDIPSN) et respecter les restrictions mentionnées dans cette base de données.

Conditions d'entreposage

Doivent être établies conformément aux exigences décrites dans le Règlement sur les produits de santé naturels.

Spécifications

• Les spécifications du produit fini doivent être établies conformément aux exigences décrites dans le Guide de référence sur la qualité des produits de santé naturels de la Direction des produits de santé naturels et sans ordonnance (DPSNSO).
• L'ingrédient médicinal doit être conforme aux exigences mentionnées dans la BDIPSN.
• Le produit ne doit contenir aucune trace d'agaritine.

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